Seni Helah dan Perbahasan Belanjawan 2024: Analisis Pragmatik
The Art of Evasion and 2024 Budget: Pragmatic Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54313/journalmp.v4i.133Keywords:
Malaysian Parliament, 2024 Budget, Ekonomi MADANI, Evasive Language, , Malay PragmaticsAbstract
The integrity of the administration of any governmentlargely depends on relevant and clear financial policies, for instance, Short-Term Plans or Annual Budgets. Periodically, the Annual Budget, the most important component of Parliamentary discourse, will be tabled for discussion, either to gain support or face criticism in both Houses of Representatives. Certainly, discussions and debates require politicians to master the art of rhetoric, analysis, and inference to navigate the dynamics of political legitimacy. For this purpose, the important document known as the Hansard serves as a substantial source, recording the strategies and art of Evasive Language in challenging-defending policies, addressing-mitigating issues, and strengthening-undermining the image that determines the integrity of the legitimacy of both the Governmentand and Opposition. However, previous corpus studies by Hansard on the topic of Evasive Response have focused only on the structural forms of debate. Therefore, employing three Pragmatic models, namely Harris’s Framework of Respons (1991), Thomas’s Notion of Implicator (1995), and Claymen’s Dimension of Resistance (2012), this qualitative study aims to analyse more complex, intense, and natural debate sessions, specifically the policy debate on the 2024 Budget. The findings reveal that all three types of Responses have some distinctive features, and their selection correlates with the scale of their impact on the image of the Government-Opposition. In addition, adhering to the Gricean Maxims (1975), the configuration of Evasive Language behavior is more easily defined and justified. Lastly, the discourse background at the policy level is more heterogeneous, thereby enriching the performative nature of Evasive Language.
Downloads
References
A. G. Hassan, & W.R. Fadzim, “Strategi Rancangan Pembangunan Ekonomi Negara” dalam A. A. G. Hassan (ed.), Halatuju dan Cabaran
Pembangunan Sektoral dan Sumber Manusia dalam Rancangan Malaysia Kesembilan (UUM Press, 2007).
Cambridge University Press & Assessment, “Evasive”, Cambridge Dictionary (2024) https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/evasive diakses pada 31 Disember 2023).
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, “Evasive”, Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan (2012) <https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=evasive&d=172780LIHATSINI> diakses pada 31 Disember 2023.
Dewan Rakyat Debat 16 Oktober, Bil. 54, 119.
Dewan Rakyat Debat 17 Oktober, Bil. 55, 71-72.
Dewan Rakyat Debat 18 Oktober 2023, Bil. 56, 33.
Dewan Rakyat Debat 30 Oktober 2023, Bil 62, 63.
Dewan Rakyat Debat 2 November2023, Bil 64, 120.
G. Goss, & L. Williams, “The Effects of Equivocation on Perceived Source Credibility” (1973) 24(3), Communication Studies 162.
H.P. Grice, “Logic and Conversation” dalam P. Cole and J. J. Morgan, (eds.) Syntax and Semantics (Academic Press, 1975).
HarperCollins Publishers, “Evasive”, CollinsDictionary.com (2024) <https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/evasive> diakses pada 31 Disember 2023.
I. Aman, “Manifesto Pilihan Raya Dan Prestasi Parti Politik Utama Malaysia Dalam Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-13: Suatu Analisis Linguistik” (2014) 10(4) Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 65.
J. Faaland, Dasar Ekonomi Baru: Pertumbuhan Negara Dan Pencapaian Ekonomi Orang Melayu. (Utusan Publications, 2005).
J. Thomas, “Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics”. (Pearson Education, 1995).
J.T. Dillon, The Practise of Questioning (Routledge, 1990).
J. B. Bavelas, A. Black, L. Bryson, & J. Mullett, “Political Equivocation: A Situational Explanation” (1988) 7(2), Journal of Language and Social Psychology 137.
J. Wilson, “Politically Speaking: The Pragmatic Analysis of Political Language” (Blackwell, 1990).
Jabatan Perdana Menteri, “Pembanggunan Ekonomi” (Portal Rasmi Jabatan Perdana Menteri, 1 Julai 2019) <https://www.pmo.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Pembangunan-Ekonomi.pdf> diakses pada 31 Disember 2023.
Kementerian Ekonomi, “Horizon Perancangan” (Portal Rasmi Kementerian Ekonomi, 19 Oktober 2020 <https://www.ekonomi.gov.my/ms/pembangunan-ekonomi/pengurusan-ekonomi/horizonperancangan> diakses pada 29 Disember 2023.
Merriam-Webster Inc. “Evasive”, Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2024) <https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/evasive#dictionaryentry-1> diakses kepada 31 Disember 2023.
M. A., Hamilton, & P. J. Mineo, “A Framework for Understanding Equivocation” (1998) 17(1) Journal of Language and Social Psychology 3.
N. Yatim, “Berjaya Capai Sasaran Pendidikan DEB” Utusan Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur, 15 Jun 2022) https://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/2022/06/berjaya-capai-sasaran-pendidikan-deb/.
N.Z. Abidin, & J.M. Jan, “A Pragmatic Analysis of Responses in Malaysian Parliamentary Discourse” (2022) 4(2) Journal of Pragmatics Research 92.
N.Z. Abidin, & J.M. Jan, “Influence of (Non) Observance of Maxims on Evasion in Malaysian Parliamentary Question Time” (2023) 25(1)K@ta 1.
S.E. Clayman, “Conversation Analysis in the News Interview Context” dalam J. Sidnell & T. Stivers (eds.), The Handbook of Conversation Analysis (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).
S. E. Clayman, “Answers and Evasions” (2001) 30(3), Language in Society, 403
S. Harris, “Evasive Action: How Politicians Respond to Questions in Political Interviews” dalam P. Scannell (ed.), Broadcast Talk (Sage, 1991).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of the Malaysian Parliament
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
